{"id":798,"date":"2017-11-03T16:51:13","date_gmt":"2017-11-04T01:51:13","guid":{"rendered":"\/blog\/?p=798"},"modified":"2023-09-21T09:37:42","modified_gmt":"2023-09-21T00:37:42","slug":"perl-%ea%b8%b0%eb%b3%b8-%eb%ac%b8%eb%b2%95-%eb%85%b8%ed%8a%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hasu0707.duckdns.org\/blog\/?p=798","title":{"rendered":"Perl \uae30\ubcf8 \ubb38\ubc95 \ub178\ud2b8"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\ucd9c\ucc98 : <\/span>https:\/\/nzer0.wordpress.com\/2010\/12\/06\/perl-%EA%B8%B0%EB%B3%B8-%EB%AC%B8%EB%B2%95\/<\/a><\/span><\/font>
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\uc544\ub798 \uae00\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0 Simon Cozens\uc758 Beginning Perl \uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ucc45\uc73c\ub85c<\/span><\/div>
\uacf5\ubd80\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub098\ub984\ub300\ub85c \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\ub193\uc740 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
Perl\uc740 \ubb38\ubc95\uc774 \uc6cc\ub099 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ub9cc\ud07c \uc790\uc8fc \uae4c\uba39\uc5b4\uc11c \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\ub193\uace0 Ctrl+F\ub85c \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774<\/span><\/div>
\ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub9ce\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>

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\ucc98\uc74c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
ord('#');   # returns ascii code of '#'<\/span><\/div>
' adsfadfa' # \uc544\ubb34\uac83\ub3c4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4 \/t \/n \ub4f1\u2026 \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \/\/\uc640 \/. \ub9cc\uc740 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
q\/ \/ , qq< > \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\uafd4\uc11c \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
print \"ba\"x3; # ba\ub97c \uc138\ubc88 \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
\"afds\".\"123\" # \ubb38\uc790\uc5f4 \ud569\uce58\uae30 \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc790 (afds123 \ub9ac\ud134)<\/span><\/div>
\ubcc0\uc218:<\/span><\/div>
use strict \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc744 \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74<\/span><\/div>
\uc804\uc5ed \uba64\ubc84 \ubcc0\uc218 \uac01\uac01 \ubb50 \uc798 \uc9c0\uc815\ub428<\/span><\/div>
\ub9cc\uc77c use strict \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74<\/span><\/div>
\uc804\uc5ed\uc740 our \uba64\ubc84\ub294 my\ub85c \uba85\uc2dc\ud574\uc8fc\uc5b4\uc57c\ud568<\/span><\/div>
\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e8\uc77c \ubcc0\uc218\ub294 $, \ubc30\uc5f4\uc740 @, \ud574\uc26c\ub294 %\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218 \ud615\uc744 \ub73b\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \ub9ac\ud134\ud615\uc744 \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
$name=\"js\"; #\uc77c\ub54c<\/span><\/div>
\"asf $name\"; #\uc740 asf js \ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1 \ubcc0\uc218 \ub4a4\uc5d0 \ubc14\ub85c \ubd99\uc5ec \uc368\uc57c\ud560 \ub54c\ub294<\/span><\/div>
${name}th # prints jsth<\/span><\/div>
\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9<\/span><\/div>
\uc785\ub825 \ubc1b\uae30:<\/span><\/div>
$comment=<STDIN>;<\/span><\/div>

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3\uc7a5 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc640 \ud574\uc26c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
(12, 34, 1) #3\uac1c \uc6d0\uc18c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
qw\/ \/ \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \uc6d0\uc18c\uc758 \uad6c\ubd84\uc740 comma\uac00 \uc544\ub2cc \uacf5\ubc31\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4. qw\/12 34 1\/ \uc640 \uac19\uc774..<\/span><\/div>
(3, 4, 5, 7) \uc774\ub098 (3, (4, 5), 7) \uc740 \uc11c\ub85c \uac19\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc6d0\uc18c\uc758 \uc811\uadfc\uc740 \ub300\uad04\ud638\ub85c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
@aa=(3, 4, 5, 7);<\/span><\/div>
@aa[2]; #\ub294 5\ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc74c\uc758 \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294 \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \ubd80\ud130 \uc13c\ub2e4. aa[-1]\uc740 7\uc744 \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
@aa[(2,3)] \ub610\ub294 @aa[2,3] \uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubd80\ubd84 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 (5, 7) \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
(1 .. 4) \ub294 (1, 2, 3, 4) \ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc815\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2d0 \ub54c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubc84\ub9bc\ud55c\ub2e4. (1.3 .. 4.9) \ub3c4 \uc900\uc2dd\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
('a' .. 'k') \ub294 \ubb38\uc790\uc5f4 \uc21c\uc11c\ub300\ub85c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uac00 \uc0dd\uae34\ub2e4. \uc6d0\uc18c\ub97c \ub4a4\uc9d1\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\uba74 reverse() \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
@at \uacfc $at \uc740 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc120\uc5b8 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4( \uac01\uac01 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubcc0\uc218\uc774\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/div>
@at=(3, 4, 5);<\/span><\/div>
$len=@at; # \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0 $len \uc5d0\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c at\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uc778 3\uc774 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
print @at; # 345 \ub85c \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
print \"@at\"; # 3 4 5 \ub85c \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
$a=(@at)[2]; \ub85c \uc811\uadfc\ud558\uba74 $a\uc5d0\ub294 5\uac00 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
$a=$at[2]; \ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud574\ub3c4 \uac19\ub2e4 $ @ \uae30\ud638\ub294 \ubcf8\uccb4\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ub9ac\ud134 \uac12\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
my $ele;<\/span><\/div>
for $ele (@at){ print $ele, \"\\t\" } \ud558\uba74 3    4    5 \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ucd9c\ub825\ub41c\ub2e4. (\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc6d0\uc18c \ucd9c\ub825)<\/span><\/div>
# $ele \uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 perl \uc774 \uc54c\uc544\uc11c $_ \ub77c\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
$#at \uc740 @at \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\uc740 \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 2 \ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud568<\/span><\/div>
\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc2a4\ud0dd\ucc98\ub7fc \uc4f8 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. pop @at \uc744 \ud558\uba74 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \uc6d0\uc18c\uac00 \ub9ac\ud134\ub418\uba74\uc11c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uac70\ub41c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
push @at, \"asdf\"; # asdf \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1\uc744 \ud478\uc2dc<\/span><\/div>
\uc55e\uc758 \uc6d0\uc18c \ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c push pop\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 unshift, shift \ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
sort @at \uc744 \ud558\uba74 \uc815\ub82c\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ud574\uc26c:<\/span><\/div>
%aa =(<\/span><\/div>
amy => \"good\",<\/span><\/div>
bob => \"good\",<\/span><\/div>
chris => \"bad\",<\/span><\/div>
david => \"nice\"<\/span><\/div>
);<\/span><\/div>
\ud654\uc0b4\ud45c \uc88c\uce21\uc774 key\uac12<\/span><\/div>
\ubc30\uc5f4\uacfc \ud638\ud658\uc774 \ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc key\uac00 \ubd84\uac04\uc774 \uc548\uac00\ubbc0\ub85c \uc870\uc2ec\ud574\uc57c\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
%aa=@bb;<\/span><\/div>
@bb=%aa;<\/span><\/div>
\ub4f1\uc758 \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac\ub2e4. (\"amy\", \"good\", \"bob\", \u2026) \uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc21c\uc11c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ud574\uc26c \uc811\uadfc\uc740 $aa{david} \uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud55c\ub2e4. david\ub294 \ub530\uc634\ud45c\ub97c \ubd99\uc5ec\ub3c4 \uc548\ubd99\uc5ec\ub3c4 \ub2e4 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>

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Loops and Decisions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
\ubcc0\uc218 \uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c \ud55c\ubc29\uc5d0 \uc815\uc758:<\/span><\/div>
my ($a, $b); # \uad04\ud638 \ube7c\uba39\uc73c\uba74 \uc548\ub41c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
chomp(\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1,[\ub610 \uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9c1]); \uc740 \uc785\ub825\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uce90\ub9ac\uc9c0 \ub9ac\ud134\uc744 \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0dd\uae30\ub294 \uac1c\ud589\ubb38\uc790\ub97c \uc5c6\uc560\uc900\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uc0ac\uc2e4 chomp\ub294 \uc6b0\uce21 trim\uc758 \uc560\uce6d\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
if( not exists $aa{$i}){} # \uc774 \uac83\uc740 %aa \ud574\uc26c\uc5d0 $i \uc774\ub984\uc758 key\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc54a\ub294 \uc9c0\ub97c \uac80\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
die \"asdfafd\"; # \uc5d0\ub7ec \ucd9c\ub825\ud6c4 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc774 \uba48\ucda4<\/span><\/div>
defined $a # $a\uac00 \uc120\uc5b8\ub41c \ud6c4\uc5d0 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\ub294\uc9c0 \ud310\ubcc4\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
\uc704\uc758 if\ubb38\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
die \"asdfafd\" exists $aa{$i};<\/span><\/div>
\ub610\ub294<\/span><\/div>
exists $aa{$i} or die \"asdfafd\";<\/span><\/div>
elseif \uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c elsif\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
\uc911\uc694 for\ubb38\uc5d0\uc11c $_ \ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c \ub300\uc785\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubcc4\uce6d\uc774\ub2e4 (C\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc5d0\uc11c &) \uc989, $_\uc744 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uba74 \ud574\ub2f9 \ubcc0\uc218\ub4e4\uc774 \uac19\uc774 \ubcc0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uc791\uc5c5 \ub4a4\uc5d0 for\ubb38\uc744 \uc368\ub3c4 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
@ARGV\ub294 \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc\uc758 argument \ubc30\uc5f4\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
last\ub294 C\uc5b8\uc758 break; \uc774\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
next\ub294 C\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 continue; \uc774\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>

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Regular Expressions<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
split \"asd adf\"; # \ub744\uc5b4\uc4f0\uae30\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ub41c \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \ub098\ub204\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubc30\uc5f4\ub85c \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
if($_ =~ \/adf\/) # \uae30\ubcf8\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 adf\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub098. if(\/adf\/)\ub85c \ud574\ub3c4 \ub428<\/span><\/div>
if($_ !~ \/adf\/) # \uae30\ubcf8\ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 adf\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\uc548\ub418\uc5b4\uc788\ub098<\/span><\/div>
if(\/adf\/i) # insensitive matching \uc774\ub2e4 \uc77c\ub2e8 \ub300\uc18c\ubb38\uc790 \uad6c\ubd84\uc740 \uc548\ud558\ub294\ub370 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac83\uc740 \uc798 \ubaa8\ub974\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
Perl Regex\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b9\ubcc4\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744\ud558\ub294 Metacharacter\ub294<\/span><\/div>
. * ? + [ ] ( ) { } ^ $ | \\   \uc758 12\uac1c \uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc5c6\uc560\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\uba74 \\Q \uc640 \\E \uc758 \uc9dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubb36\uc5b4\ubc84\ub9ac\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
if(\/\\Q$pattern\\E\/) \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 pattern \ubcc0\uc218\uc548\uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc788\ub294 metacharacter\ub4e4\uc740 \ubb34\uc2dc\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
while(<>){} # \uc774 \uc21c\ud658\ubb38\uc740 \uc2e4\ud589\uc2dc \ub358\uc838\uc9c4 \uc544\uaddc\uba3c\ud2b8 \uc774\ub984\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\uc11c \ud55c \uc904\uc529 $_\ub85c \uc77d\uc5b4\ub4e4\uc778\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
[^aeo] \ub294 aeo\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac83<\/span><\/div>
[1-3a-d] \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc774\uc5b4 \ubd99\uc774\uba74 1-3\ub610\ub294 a-d\ub77c\ub294 \uc18c\ub9ac<\/span><\/div>
\\d \ub294 \uc22b\uc790 \\w\ub294 \ub2e8\uc5b4(\ubb38\uc790\ub610\ub294 \uc22b\uc790) \\s \ub294 \uacf5\ubc31\uc5d0\ub300\ud55c shortcut\uc774\ub2e4. \uac01\uac01 \ub300\ubb38\uc790\ub85c \uc4f0\uba74 \uadf8\uac83\uc744 \uc81c\uc678\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\\b \ub294 boundary\ub85c \uacf5\ubc31\uc774\ub098 \" \ub4f1\uc758 \ubb38\uc790 \ub610\ub294 \ubb38\uc790\uc5f4\uc758 \uc2dc\uc791 \ubc0f \ub05d\uc744 \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 \ud55c \ubb38\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e8\uc5b4\ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \uc790\ub97c \ub54c \uc720\uc6a9.<\/span><\/div>
a? \ub77c\uace0 \uc4f0\uba74 a\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. s?he \ub294 she or he\ub97c \ub73b\ud55c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
a+ \ub77c\uace0 \uc4f0\uba74 a\uac00 \ud558\ub098 \uc77c\uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0 \uc5f0\uc18d \uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c\uc77c \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
a* \ub77c\uace0 \uc4f0\uba74 a\uac00 \uc5c6\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0 \uc788\uc744 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0 \uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c\uc77c \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
a{2,4} \ub77c\uace0 \uc4f0\uba74 a\uac00 2\ubc88 3\ubc88 4\ubc88 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
a{3,} \ub77c\uace0 \uc4f0\uba74 a\uac00 3\ubc88 \uc774\uc0c1 \ubc18\ubcf5\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
s\/asdf\/ase\/; #\ucc98\uc74c \ucc3e\uc740 asdf \ud558\ub098\ub97c ase\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658<\/span><\/div>
s\/asdf\/ase\/g; #\ubaa8\ub4e0\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \ubcc0\ud658<\/span><\/div>
\uc720\ub2c9\uc2a4 \ub4f1\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ub118\uaca8\uc904 \ub54c \\\/usr\\\/bin \uacfc \uac19\uc740\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubd88\ud3b8\ud55c\ub370 s#\/usr\/bin\/#\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uac00\ub2a5\ud568<\/span><\/div>
\/m \/s \ub4f1\uc740 http:\/\/gypark.pe.kr\/wiki\/Perl\/\uc815\uaddc\ud45c\ud604\uc2dd#H_1_1_10 \ucc38\uace0<\/span><\/div>
\/x \ub294 \ub108\ubb34 \ub4dc\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc815\uaddc\uc2dd\uc774 \ub098\uc654\uc744 \ub54c \uacf5\ubc31 \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uc5ec \uc815\ub9ac\ud574\uc11c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud574\uc90c<\/span><\/div>
split join \uc54c\uc544\uc11c \uc798\ud558\uba74\ub418\uace0<\/span><\/div>
transliteration\uc740 substitute\ub97c \uc5ec\ub7ec\uac1c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
tr\/asdf\/0123\/; \uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc4f0\uba74 af\ub294 03\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\ub014 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc9c8\ubb38\uc740 $_ \uc774\uc678\uc758 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \ubb38\uc790\uc5f4\uc740 \uc5b4\ucc0c \ubc14\uafb8\ub0d0\uc778\ub370?<\/span><\/div>
$a =~ tr\/asdf\/0123\/; \uc740 $a \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc14\ub010 \ud69f\uc218\ub97c \ub9ac\ud134\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c<\/span><\/div>
$cnt= $a =~ tr\/asdf\/\/; \ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 asdf\uac00 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud55c \ud69f\uc218\ub97c \uc140 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc774\ub807\uac8c\ud558\uba74 \uc544\ubb34 \uc77c\ub3c4 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc<\/span><\/div>
$a =~ tr\/asdf\/\/d; \ub97c \uc4f0\uba74 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uacf3\uc740 \ub2e4 \uc9c0\uc6cc\uc9c4\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
More Advanced Topic\ub294 \uc77c\ub2e8 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub118\uae30\u314b<\/span><\/div>

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\ud30c\uc77c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
<>\ub294 <ARGV>\uc758 \uc57d\uc790<\/span><\/div>
$\/ \ub294 separator\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud568. \uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc740 \\n \uc784. \ub9cc\uc77c \ube48 \uac83 \"\"\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud558\uba74 \uc544\ubb34 \uacf5\ubc31\ub3c4 \uc5c6\ub294 newline\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \uac83(\ubb38\ub2e8 \ub2e8\uc704)<\/span><\/div>
undef\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud558\uba74 separator \uc5c6\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubb38\uc790\ub97c \ud55c \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\uc785\ud558\uac8c\ub428<\/span><\/div>
rand(\uc22b\uc790) \ub294 0\uc5d0\uc11c \uc22b\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \ubb34\uc791\uc704 \uc218 \ub9ac\ud134<\/span><\/div>
< $filename : \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77d\uc5b4\uc624\uae30(STDIN \uc73c\ub85c \uc785\ub825 \ubc1b\ub294 \uac83\uc784)<\/span><\/div>
> $filename : \uc6d0\ubcf8 \uc5c6\uc560\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30(\uc704\ud5d8)<\/span><\/div>
>> $filename : \uc774\uc5b4\uc4f0\uae30<\/span><\/div>
\uc22b\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 <=> \ubb38\uc790\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 cmp \ube44\uad50\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c == \ub610\ub294 eq \uc640\ub294 \ub2e4\ub974\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uc67c\ucabd\uc774 \ud06c\uba74 1 \uac19\uc73c\uba74 0 \uc624\ub978\ucabd\uc774 \ud06c\uba74 -1\uc744 \ub9ac\ud134\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
sort{$a <=> $b} \ub85c \ube44\uad50 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc9c0\uc815\ud574 \uc904 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. $a, $b\ub294 perldoc \uac80\uc0c9\ud574\ubcf4\ub2c8 sort\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc4f0\uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\uc218\ubcc0\uc218\ub77c \ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
handle\uc744 \ub300\uccb4\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud560 \ub54c *\ubb38\uc790\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
*INPUT=*STDIN \uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud30c\uc77c \uc785\ucd9c\ub825\uc744 \ud558\ub824\uace0 \ub9cc\ub4e0 \ud578\ub4e4\uc744 STDIN\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\uccb4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
*\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ubcc4\uce6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. (\ud558\ub098\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uba74 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac83\ub3c4 \uac19\uc774 \ubc14\ub010\ub2e4.)<\/span><\/div>
binmode FILEHANDLE; \uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \uac1c\ud589\ubc0f EOF \ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4.(\ubcf4\ud1b5 \ubb38\uc11c\ub4e4\uc740 OS\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uac01\uac01 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud574\uc900\ub2e4)<\/span><\/div>
\ub9cc\uc77c \ud30c\uc77c\ud578\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74 print FILEHANDLE \"asdfa\" \ub97c \ub9e4\ubc88 \uc368\uc8fc\uae30 \uadc0\ucc2e\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c<\/span><\/div>
select FILEHANDLE; \uc744 \ud55c\ubc88 \uc368\uc8fc\uba74 \uadf8 \uc774\ud6c4\uc758 print\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 STDOUT\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uadf8 \ud578\ub4e4\ub85c \uac04\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ub2e4\uc2dc \ubcf5\uad6c\ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc78a\uc73c\uba74 \uc548\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
localtime \ud568\uc218\ub294 \ub85c\uceec\ud0c0\uc784\uc744 \ub9ac\ud134 \uc790\uc138\ud55c\uac74 perldoc \ucc38\uc870\ud558\uba74 \ub420\ub4ef..<\/span><\/div>
\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c perl\uc740 read write\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ubc84\ud37c\ub9c1\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc744 \ub044\ub824\uba74 $|=1; \ub85c\ud558\uba74 \ub418\uace0 \ucf1c\ub824\uba74 0\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub77c<\/span><\/div>
unix\ub4f1\uc758 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c file permission \uc740 umask(expr) \ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>
piping: \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \ucd9c\ub825\uc744 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc758 \uc785\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9 : '|' \uae30\ud638\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub428<\/span><\/div>
\uba3c\uc800\uc624\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 | \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc624\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8 \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ub428<\/span><\/div>
File test: \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f4\uae30 \uc804\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ud574\ubd04 if(-d $filename) \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c -d \ub300\uc2e0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uac83\ub3c4 \ub9ce\uc74c<\/span><\/div>

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References<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/div>
$asdf=\\@array; # \uac19\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 array\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c reference\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \ub2e8\uc21c \ud3ec\uc778\ud130\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubcc4\uce6d\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uac1c\ub150\uc774\ub77c\uc11c \uac12\uc744 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uba74 \uac19\uc774 \ubcc0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ubc30\uc5f4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 $as=[2,3,4] \uacfc \uac19\uc774 () \ub300\uc2e0 []\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ubc14\ub85c \uc775\uba85reference\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ud574\uc26c\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 $as={a=>\"as\", b=>\"bs\"}; \uc640 \uac19\uc774 () \ub300\uc2e0 {}\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ubc14\ub85c \uc775\uba85 reference\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uc811\uadfc\uc740 @{$as} \ub610\ub294 %{$as} \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ubc30\uc5f4\uc758 reference\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 ${$as[0]} \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc811\uadfc\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0\uac00 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \uadc0\ucc2e\uc73c\ubbc0\ub85c $as->[0]\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\uae30\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
Subroutines<\/span><\/div>
\uc11c\ube0c\ub8e8\ud2f4\uc740 C\uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 \ud568\uc218\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uac83<\/span><\/div>
sub asdf{<\/span><\/div>
\u2026<\/span><\/div>
} \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc815\uc758\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc704\ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud638\ucd9c\uc774 \ub418\uba74 \uc548\ub418\ub294\ub370 \uc774\ub97c \ub300\ube44\ud574 C\uc5b8\uc5b4\ucc98\ub7fc \uba3c\uc800 \uc120\uc5b8\ub9cc \ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uc774\ub294<\/span><\/div>
asdf(); \ub85c \ud560 \uc218\ub3c4<\/span><\/div>
sub asdf; \ub85c \ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0 \ub450 \uac1c \uc774\uc0c1\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0<\/span><\/div>
sub asdf; sub sdf; \uc640 \uac19\uc774\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uace0<\/span><\/div>
use subs qw(asdf sdf); \uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
sub routine \uc5d0 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\ub294 \ubcc0\uc218\ub4e4\uc740 @_ \ubc30\uc5f4\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ubb35\uc2dc\uc801 return \uac12\uc740 subroutine \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9 \ud589\uc5d0 \uc791\uc131\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\uba85\uc2dc\uc801 return\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 subroutine\uc548\uc5d0 return $asd; \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uc791\uc131\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
sub\uc758 \uc2e4\ud589\uc18d\ub3c4\ub97c \ub192\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud55c\ubc88 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c \uac12\uc740 \uce90\uc2f1 \ud558\ub294 \uae30\ubc95\uc774 \uc788\ub294\ub370<\/span><\/div>
my %cache;<\/span><\/div>
sub first_line {<\/span><\/div>
my $filename=shift;<\/span><\/div>
return $cache{$filename} if exists $cache{$filename};<\/span><\/div>
open FILE, $filename or return \"\";<\/span><\/div>
my $line=<FILE>;<\/span><\/div>
$cache{filename}=$line;<\/span><\/div>
return $line;<\/span><\/div>
}<\/span><\/div>
\uacfc \uac19\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
\ud568\uc218 \uc624\ubc84\ub85c\ub529\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c\ub370<\/span><\/div>
\ud568\uc218 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9ac\ud134 \ud0c0\uc785\uc744 \ud310\ubcc4\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div>
subroutine \ub0b4\ubd80\uc5d0\uc11c wantarray \ub77c\ub294 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \ud638\ucd9c\ud558\uba74 array\ud615\uc758 return\uc778\uc9c0 \uc544\ub2cc\uc9c0\ub97c \ud310\ubcc4\ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<\/span><\/div><\/div>
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