{"id":649,"date":"2016-07-07T13:12:49","date_gmt":"2016-07-07T22:12:49","guid":{"rendered":"\/blog\/?p=649"},"modified":"2023-09-21T09:38:00","modified_gmt":"2023-09-21T00:38:00","slug":"ubuntu-linux-%ec%84%9c%eb%b9%84%ec%8a%a4-%ec%bb%a8%ed%8a%b8%eb%a1%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hasu0707.duckdns.org\/blog\/?p=649","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu Linux \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ucee8\ud2b8\ub864"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\ucd9c\ucc98 : <\/span>http:\/\/snoopybox.co.kr\/1720<\/span><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

1. runlevel<\/span><\/strong><\/div>


\uc77c\ub2e8 runlevel \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ubd80\ud130 \ud558\uc790\uba74, \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c\ub294 \ub808\ub4dc\ud587 \uacc4\uc5f4\uacfc \ub2ec\ub9ac \uae30\ubcf8 runlevel\uc774 2\uc774\uba70, \uac01 level\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\ub2e4. \uc989 0, 1, 2, 6\ub9cc \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\uace0 3, 4, 5\ub294 2\uc640 \uac19\uc73c\uba70 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ubcc4 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4.<\/span>

<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

0 : System halt.<\/span>
1 : Single-User mode.<\/span>
2 : Graphical multi-user plus networking (DEFAULT)<\/span><\/strong>
3 : Same as \"2\", but not used.<\/span>
4 : Same as \"2\", but not used.<\/span>
5 : Same as \"2\", but not used.<\/span>
6 : System reboot.<\/span><\/blockquote>


<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

2. \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uad6c\ub3d9\/\uc815\uc9c0<\/span><\/strong><\/div>


\uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub294 <\/span>\/etc\/init<\/span><\/strong> \uc774\ud558\uc5d0 <\/span>\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85.conf<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ub3d9, \uc815\uc9c0\ub294 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span>

[start|stop|restart|reload|status] \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>

\ub610\ub294<\/span>

initctl [start|stop|restart|reload|status] \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>

\uc5b4\ucc28\ud53c \uc704 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95 \ub450\uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c initctl\uc758 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc65c\ub0d0\ud558\uba74... \uc544\ub798\ucc98\ub7fc \uc2ec\ubcfc\ub9ad \ub9c1\ud06c\uac00 \uac78\ub824 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span>

<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

root@ubuntu<\/span><\/a>:~# ls -l \/sbin | grep initctl<\/span>
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root   155512 Jan 19  2013 initctl<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        7 Jan 19  2013 <\/span>reload -> initctl<\/span><\/strong>
<\/span>lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        7 Jan 19  2013 <\/span>restart -> initctl<\/span><\/strong>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        7 Jan 19  2013 <\/span>start -> initctl<\/span><\/strong>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        7 Jan 19  2013 <\/span>status -> initctl<\/span><\/strong>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        7 Jan 19  2013 <\/span>stop -> initctl<\/span><\/strong><\/div>


\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ub354 \uac04\ud3b8\ud55c \uccab\ubc88\uc9f8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95\uc5d0 \uc775\uc219\ud574 \uc9c0\uba74 \ub418\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/span>

\uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c\uc5d0 Upstart\ub9cc \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uc874 System V init script\ub3c4 \uacf5\uc874\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uadf8\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub611\uac19\uc774 apt-get\uc73c\ub85c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 mysql-server\ub294 Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc9c0\ub9cc apache2\ub294 Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 SysVinit \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c\ub2e4.<\/span>

\uc790\uc138\ud55c \uc774\uc57c\uae30\ub294 \uc544\ub798\ucabd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uace0<\/span>

\uc544\ubb34\ud2bc \uae30\uc874 System V init script \ubc29\uc2dd\ub3c4 \uacf5\uc874\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 <\/span>\/etc\/init.d<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span>

service \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85 [start|stop|restart|reload|status]<\/span><\/strong>

\ub610\ub294<\/span>

\/etc\/init.d\/\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85 [start|stop|restart|reload|status]<\/span><\/strong>

\uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 <\/span>\/etc\/init<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798 Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc740 <\/span>\/etc\/init.d<\/span><\/strong> \uc5d0 \uac00\uc9dc \uc2ec\ubcfc\ub9ad \ub9c1\ud06c\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc740 \"<\/span>service \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>\" \ub610\ub294 \"<\/span>\/etc\/init.d\/\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>\" \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud638\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ub2e4\ub9cc<\/span>\/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2ec\ubcfc\ub9ad \ub9c1\ud06c\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uacb0\uad6d\uc5d0\ub294 Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \ub3d9\uc791\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span>

<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

root@ubuntu<\/span><\/a>:~# ls -l \/etc\/init.d | grep upstart<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Dec  9  2011 acpid -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Jun 28  2013 apport -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Oct 25  2011 atd -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Apr 20  2012 console-setup -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Jun 20  2012 cron -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Jun 13  2013 dbus -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Jun  6  2013 dmesg -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Mar 14  2012 friendly-recovery -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 May 27  2011 hostname -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Mar 30  2012 hwclock -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Mar 30  2012 hwclock-save -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Feb  4  2012 irqbalance -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Nov 21  2011 module-init-tools -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root   21 Oct 23 03:25 mysql -> \/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span>

... \uc774\ud558 \uc0dd\ub7b5 ...<\/span>
<\/div>


\/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba74 \uacb0\uad6d \"<\/span>start \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>\" \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c initctl Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \ud638\ucd9c\ub428\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span>

\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub4e4\uc740 \"<\/span>service \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85 start<\/span><\/strong>\" \ubc29\uc2dd\uacfc \"<\/span>start \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>\" \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5c4\ubc00\ud788 \ub530\uc9c0\uc790\uba74 \"<\/span>start \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85<\/span><\/strong>\" \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc633\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/span>

\uc544\ubb34\ud2bc \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c\uc5d0\ub294 Upstart\uc640 SysVinit \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uacf5\uc874\ud558\ub2c8 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ub9de\uac8c \uc798 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790.<\/span>

<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

3. \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc790\ub3d9 Start<\/span><\/strong><\/div>


Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ud558\ub098\ub97c \uc608\uc81c\ub85c \uc5f4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uc790. mysql-server\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud55c \ud6c4 <\/span>\/etc\/init\/mysql.conf<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uba74<\/span>

<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/span>

# MySQL Service<\/span>

description     \"MySQL Server\"<\/span>
author          \"Mario Limonciello <<\/span>superm1@ubuntu.com>\"<\/span><\/a>

start on runlevel [2345]<\/span>
stop on starting rc RUNLEVEL=[016]<\/span>

respawn<\/span>
respawn limit 2 5<\/span>

env HOME=\/etc\/mysql<\/span>
umask 007<\/span>

... \uc774\ud558 \uc0dd\ub7b5 ...<\/span>
<\/div>


start on runlevel [2345]<\/span><\/strong>
=> runlevel 2, 3, 4, 5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub77c\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc774\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc2f1\uae00\uc720\uc800 \ubaa8\ub4dc\ub97c \uc81c\uc678\ud558\uace0\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uaca0\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span>

\ub9cc\uc57d MySQL \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uc624\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uc815\ud558\ub824\uba74 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud574\uc57c \ud560\uae4c?<\/span>

chkconfig mysql off \uac19\uc740 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc77c\ub2e8\uc740 \uc5c6\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc124\uce58\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4. \uad00\ub828 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\uac00 chkconfig, sysv-rc-conf, rcconf \ub4f1\uc73c\ub85c \uba87\uac00\uc9c0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0 chkconfig \uacc4\uc5f4\uc758 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub294 \uc544\ubb34\ub7f0 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4. <\/span>\/etc\/init.d<\/span><\/strong> \ubc11\uc5d0 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 SysVinit \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc chkconfig \uacc4\uc5f4\uc774 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4. \uc989 apache2 \uac19\uc740 \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span>

Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 mysql\uc758 \uacbd\uc6b0  \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\ud305\uc2dc \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uc624\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4.<\/span>

echo \"manual\" > \/etc\/init\/mysql.override<\/span><\/strong>

\uc704 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 <\/span>\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uba85.override<\/span><\/strong> \ub77c\ub294 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc11c manual \uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uae30\uc874 conf \ud30c\uc77c \ub05d\uc5d0 manual\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud574\ub3c4 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub294 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\ub2e4.(start on \uc544\ub798\ucabd\uc5d0\ub9cc \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uba74 \ub41c\ub2e4)<\/span>

echo \"manual\" >> \/etc\/init\/mysql.conf<\/span><\/strong>

\ub2e4\ub9cc \uc6d0\ubcf8 conf \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc218\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c .override \ud30c\uc77c \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud3b8\uc774 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud574\ub2f9 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc62c\ub77c\uc624\uac8c \ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\uba74 .override \ud30c\uc77c\ub9cc \uc0ad\uc81c\ud558\uba74 \ub418\ub2c8\uae4c \ub9d0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/span>

\uc704 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 FM \ubc29\ubc95\uc774\uace0, \ucd94\ucc9c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc9c0\ub9cc \uaf3c\uc218 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 \"<\/span>start on \ub77c\uc778\uc744 \uc8fc\uc11d \ucc98\ub9ac<\/span><\/strong>\" \ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\ub3c4 \uc788\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/span>

apache2\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uae30\uc874 SysVinit \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uace0 Upstart \uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub294 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560\uae4c? \ubb3c\ub860 \uc218\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c <\/span>\/etc\/rc2.d<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798\ub85c \uac00\uc11c S\ub85c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\ub294 <\/span>S91apache2<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 K\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud574\ub3c4 \ub418\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc, sysv-rc-conf \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\uba74 \uae30\uc874 chkconfig\ucc98\ub7fc \uac04\ud3b8\ud788 \uad00\ub9ac\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4.(\uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\ubcf4\ub2c8 chkconfig \ubcf4\ub2e4 sysv-rc-conf \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\uac00 \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \ub4ef)<\/span>


\uc544\ubb34\ud2bc \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c\ub294 Upstart\uc640 SysVinit\uc774 \uacf5\uc874\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ud63c\ub780\uc2a4\ub7f0 \ubd80\ubd84\uc774 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc788\ub2e4. <\/span>\/etc\/init<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 .conf \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0, <\/span>\/etc\/init.d<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 <\/span>\/lib\/init\/upstart-job<\/span><\/strong> \ud30c\uc77c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc2ec\ubcfc\ub9ad \ub9c1\ud06c\ub294 \uc544\ub2cc\uc9c0, <\/span>\/etc\/rc2.d<\/span><\/strong> \uc544\ub798\uc5d0 \uc2ec\ubcfc\ub9ad \ub9c1\ud06c\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc798 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uace0 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \ucee8\ud2b8\ub864 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uc790.<\/span>
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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